Male Infertility Treatments

Percutaneous Epididymal Sperm Aspiration (PESA)

Sperm are retrieved through a needle that is placed into the caudal portion of the epididymis.

Testicular Sperm Aspiration (TESA)

Under local sedation, a small needle is used to extract sperm directly from the testicle.

Microsurgical Epididymal Sperm Aspiration (MESA)

To retrieve epididymal spermatozoa through an open operation under the operating microscope that can be readily frozen and thawed for subsequent attempts at fertility.